Climate change is a significant, long-term shift in the statistical distribution of weather patterns, contributing to environmental degradation and biodiversity decline. This paper reviews the relationships between these challenges and examines their implications for agricultural extension education in Nigeria. It highlights how climate change exacerbates poverty, endangers biodiversity, and degrades natural resources. The paper proposes mainstreaming climate adaptation and mitigation strategies into extension education programs to equip farmers with knowledge and skills for sustainable development. It recommends participatory extension approaches, improved forecasting systems, awareness campaigns, and integrated farming systems to enhance rural resilience.